Fog is composed of minute water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air near the ground consisting of hydrometeors, droplet dimension between 3-100 microns, visible, often white, the water level of visibility is less than 1 km. So, how is the level of fog divided? 0.5 - horizontal visibility in kilometers, compared fog; horizontal visibility in 0.05--0.5 km was concentrated fog; horizontal visibility is less than 0.05 kilometers was strong fog. However, 霾 refers to a large number of very fine particles floating evenly in the air, making the air with a horizontal visibility of less than 10 kilometers generally turbid. The discharge of a large amount of pollutants is the main cause of the formation of cockroaches .
    How to distinguish between fog and cockroaches? First, fog haze and relative humidity have some differences; secondly, the fog visibility is less than 1 kilometer, the haze is less than 10 km; again, color was milky white fog, haze and the orange yellow or gray. Public travel in case of poor air quality weather, should avoid outdoor activities, and the wearing of masks.
Second, health reminders In this extreme weather, what should the public do to reduce the harm to the body? What can be eaten to improve immunity? Relevant experts have answered the questions one by one.
1. Avoid foggy exercise. You can change the morning exercise after the sun comes out. It can also be changed to indoor exercise.
2. Try to reduce your going out. If you have to go out, it is best to wear a mask.
3. The patient insists on taking the medicine. Respiratory patients and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should insist on taking drugs on time in foggy days.
4. Don't close the window too tightly. You can choose to open the window for a short time when the sun is more abundant at noon and there are fewer pollutants.
5. Try to stay away from the road. During the peak hours of commuting and the large vehicles entering the urban area at night, the concentration of pollutants was the highest.
6, calcium, vitamin D, eat more tofu, Sydney, etc., smog protection self-protection
1, smog weather less window smog weather does not advocate opening windows and ventilation in the morning and evening, it is best to wait for the sun to come out and then open the window ventilation.
2, wear a mask
3, drink more tea
4, the right amount of vitamin D
5, eat light and drink plenty of water
6, eat more vegetables.
The special population responds to the haze weather, depending on the age, occupational nature, and special physiological state, respectively, for the elderly, children, outdoor workers (such as traffic police, construction workers), pregnant women, and people with chronic diseases.
Older people in the elderly have more indoor time. They should pay special attention to cleanliness. Old people who are used to sweeping the floor may wish to use vacuum cleaners, carpets, rags, and sofa covers to clean them in time. Traditional cooking methods such as frying and frying are prone to generate a lot of fumes. To pollute indoor air, it is recommended to cook at home and use steaming and boiling.
Children and children have incomplete physical development. The dust and particles in the gray weather will directly invade their health through the children's respiratory tract, which may cause respiratory diseases such as colds, coughs, rhinitis, bronchitis and asthma. Protection for children is carried out in the following ways. First of all, through the school's publicity and knowledge popularization, children have a direct relationship and sensory awareness of the haze weather and the impact on health. Secondly, raise the parents' own method awareness of their children. Once again, reduce outdoor activities and change outdoor activities into indoor activities to reduce the impact of ash on children. In addition, in the usual life, the surface of the plush toy has more dust and bacteria, and the child is less likely to play or wash frequently, so that the child's activities are away from the heavily polluted traffic roads, and live on the street to avoid opening windows during traffic peaks. ventilation.
The smoggy weather of outdoor workers will make many people feel uncomfortable outdoors, but generally we spend less time outdoors and stay indoors most of the time. However, for workers who need to work outdoors for a long time, such as construction workers, sanitation workers, traffic police, etc., they are exposed to smog for a longer period of time and have a greater exposure. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize and pay attention to the protection of smog weather by outdoor workers.
Pregnant women should take appropriate rest, avoid overwork, ensure adequate sleep, and reduce psychological stress. At the same time, pregnant women can't just rest, they should still be active and keep optimistic.
1, eat more zinc-containing food; 2, add vitamin C; 3, increase the relative humidity of indoor air.
Smog in people with chronic diseases can cause shortness of breath, chest tightness and other discomfort in people with respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which may cause lung infection or acute exacerbation. Diabetic patients are more susceptible to colds because of their weaker resistance. PM2.5 has greater destructive power to patients with chronic diseases such as heart and cerebrovascular diseases, which will increase the heart burden of heart disease patients and induce cerebral infarction.
It is best to reduce the outing on the ash day, and it is recommended to wear a mask with better protection when going out. However, not everyone is suitable to wear a mask.
People with respiratory diseases, especially those with difficulty breathing, wear masks and artificially create breathing disorders. People with heart disease, emphysema, and asthma are not suitable for wearing masks for a long time. For patients with chronic diseases, it is recommended to avoid going out shopping and participating in various outdoor activities when the morning fog is strong, and drink plenty of water and pay attention to rest. If you experience discomfort, go to the hospital as soon as possible.
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