The Helmholtz Institute in Ulm, Germany and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology are jointly developing energy storage technologies based on magnesium. Magnesium battery is a project under the European Union's "Prospect 2020" scientific research plan (E-MAGIC). The European Union has invested more than 6.5 million euros for this purpose, bringing together the expertise of 10 European scientific research institutions. Existing lithium-ion battery.
Magnesium batteries have more advantages than traditional lithium-ion batteries. According to Prof. Maximili Fichtner, the deputy director of the Ulm Helmholtz Institute and the project leader, magnesium is one of the important candidate materials for the post-lithium strategy. Magnesium is used as an anode material to allow higher energy Density, magnesium batteries have higher energy storage efficiency, cheaper, and safer than lithium-ion batteries. "The wide availability of magnesium batteries has a decisive role in promoting the development of electric vehicles and distributed energy storage technologies."
The Ulm Helmholtz Institute cooperates with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the German Aerospace Center and other E-MAGIC projects to carry out research and design of the electrochemical concept of magnesium batteries. Scientists at the Ulm Helmholtz Institute hope to help partners understand barriers and challenges at the material level and find new solutions to the current barriers.
Dr. Zhirong Zhao, who is responsible for coordinating solid-state chemistry research, said that the special challenge facing magnesium batteries is the service life, which is the content that needs to be focused on. However, magnesium batteries do have many attractive features. For example, magnesium anodes do not form dendrites. Such electrochemical deposits on the electrodes can form needle-like structures in lithium-ion batteries, causing interference and even short circuits, while magnesium does not A similar problem is why we can use magnesium in the form of metal. Using magnesium directly can increase the storage capacity of the battery and improve the performance of the battery.
In addition to higher safety and higher energy density, magnesium on earth is about 3000 times more abundant than lithium, and recycling is simpler. Therefore, magnesium batteries are cheaper than lithium ion batteries, and also help to reduce the dependence on lithium raw materials in battery manufacturing.
As the EU makes progress in developing magnesium batteries, it will also help reduce dependence on Asian battery manufacturers and establish a competitive battery manufacturing industry in Europe. (Reporter Gu Gang)
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