Agricultural mulch refers to a thin agricultural film that directly covers the cultivated pupa or near the ground. The thickness is generally 0.008 to 0.015 mm.
In recent years, various colored agricultural films have been listed. Due to the different absorption and reflection patterns of different colors of agricultural film, the effects on crop growth and weeds, pests and diseases, and ground temperature are also different.
Therefore, in use, different colors of agricultural film should be selected according to the characteristics of different crops and the planting season.
1, colorless transparent film
Also commonly known as ordinary mulch film, thickness 0.015 mm, width 80-300 cm, its light transmittance and thermal radiance rate of more than 90%, there is a certain reflection.
It is widely used for spring warming and water storage and protection. In addition, it can also improve soil microbial activity, which has certain effects on improving soil and increasing soil organic matter content.
2, black mulch
The low light transmittance can effectively prevent the evaporation of water in the soil and inhibit the growth of weeds, but the temperature increase is slower than that of the transparent film. The ground cover can significantly reduce the ground temperature, inhibit the weeds and maintain the soil moisture.
The cultivation of summer radish, cabbage, autumn cucumber and late tomato in severe weeds or high temperature seasons is the best.
3, silver gray mulch
The light transmittance is about 60%, which can reflect ultraviolet rays. The ground cover has the functions of cooling, moisturizing and repelling aphids, which can increase the reflected light on the ground and is conducive to fruit coloration.
It is suitable for the control of pests and diseases and heat-resistant cultivation of vegetables, melons and tobacco in summer and autumn.
4, blue agricultural film
The main feature of the blue film is that the heat preservation performance is good. Under low light irradiation conditions, the light transmittance is higher than that of the ordinary film. Under the condition of strong light irradiation, the light transmittance is lower than that of the ordinary film, and the heat preservation performance is good.
It is used for rice seedlings, with strong seedlings, roots and high seedling rate. It is used in crops such as vegetables, peanuts and strawberries to inhibit the growth of black spot pathogens in cruciferous vegetables, and has obvious effects of increasing yield and improving quality. Can also be used for vegetable, cotton, peanut, strawberry, potato and other crop cover cultivation.
5, green mulch
The green mulching film can reduce the visible light transmission and increase the green light, which can inhibit the formation of weed chlorophyll, reduce the photosynthesis of weeds under the mulch, and achieve the purpose of inhibiting weed growth.
It has a stronger warming effect on the soil than the black film, but not as good as the transparent film. Therefore, the role of the green mulch is mainly based on weeding and supplementation.
It can be used as an alternative to black mulch for spring weeding. It also promotes shoot growth and quality improvement for crops such as eggplant, sweet pepper and strawberry.
However, the green mulch film is more expensive, easy to age, and has a shorter life span, so it can be used for ground cover on some crops with higher economic value or when the facility is cultivated.
6, black and white double-sided film
The black and white double-sided mulch is white on one side and black on the other side, with a thickness of 0.02~0.025 mm. The milky white is upward and has a reflective and cooling effect; the black is downward and has a herbicidal effect.
Because the effect of cooling and weeding is better than that of black mulch in summer, it is mainly used for heat-resistant cultivation of summer and autumn vegetables, melons and fruits, and has functions of cooling, water retention, light enhancement and grass elimination.
7, red mulch
Red mulch is more stimulating for crop growth than black mulch, and plants use more energy for photosynthesis in the aboveground parts. The red mulch can transmit red light and block other chromatic light that is not conducive to crop growth, thus making the crop grow vigorously.
Practice has proved that the red agricultural film can meet the needs of rice, corn, sugar beet and other red light, which can make the rice seedling grow vigorously, the sugar content of the beet increases, the carrot grows large, the amaranth leaf is wide and thick, and the harvest period is advanced.
8, other colored mulch
In addition to the above-mentioned colored mulch film, there are also a white mulch film, a yellow mulch film, a purple mulch film and the like.
The thermal radiation rate of the milky mulch film is 80-90%, close to the transparent mulch film, and the light transmittance is only 40%. It has a certain inhibitory effect on weeds, and is mainly used for tiling coverage, which can better solve the problem of serious mulch film covering grass damage.
Covering the cultivated cucumber with a yellow film can promote the flowering of the bud, increase the yield by 1~1.5 times; cover the cultivated celery and lettuce, the plant grows tall, the convulsion is delayed; the dwarf lentils are covered, the plant grows between the nodes, and the beans grow strong.
Purple film has the effect of increasing yield, delaying bolting and prolonging the market season for spinach.
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