The current decoration is various, but when choosing a decoration, how do we choose it, because its irregular space, unique windows, and special architectural locations all give the richness of the attic space, and it is precisely because of this In terms of characteristics, the loft is more likely to be filled with imaginative space. Today, Xiao Bian brings you the knowledge about the type of loft installation and the method of building and installing the indoor loft . We hope that after the introduction of Xiao Bian, it will be helpful to everyone.
Loft type
1. All-wood structure: The ancient floors are basically all-wood structures and have a long service life. However, the current wood is basically fast-growing wood. It is absolutely different from the ancient large-scale wood used in construction. The method is rarely used now. Ordinary wooden construction is only used in a very small space, without having to bear a lot of gravity.
2. There are two kinds of situations in steel structure and steel structure building floor slabs.
1) Channel steel: very simple, easy to operate, ready to use, but because the channel steel itself is not rigid enough, there is more flexibility, when people walk on the above, there will be a certain tremolo, the smaller the channel specifications, shaking sound The bigger. It is only applicable to small areas with little weight bearing. The shortest two sides of the attic should not be too wide. Generally, it should not exceed 4 meters and the maximum should not exceed 6 meters.
2) I-beam: Compared with channel steel, I-beam has higher bending strength and higher cost, but its weight is much lighter than that of concrete floor, so it is not necessary to design drawings.
3, cast-in-place reinforced concrete, if the original housing design beam, the foundation of the bearing capacity is allowed, is the best way, quality, reliability, long life, people walk on the above basically do not have any shaking feeling.
Attic installation method
First, steel structure practices
Steel frame structures (channels and I-beams) are the most common floor additions.
Steel Frame Benefits:
1. The light load means light weight of oneself, and it is enough to take on the activities of the people at home and peace time.
2. The construction period is short and the construction is clean.
3. The requirements for designers are not high, and general decoration designers or professional welders can design, with low risk and low construction risks.
Disadvantages of steel frame:
1, soundproofing effect is poor, the steel frame is generally done, up and down are sealed with a wooden board, and then above the floor for the building, the following batch of ash do latex paint, the above movement is clear and clear below.
2, maintenance is more difficult. The steel frame is usually sealed with planks up and down. The hot air in the summer has more moisture. Generally, the air conditioner needs to be turned on after work. This causes the steel frame that is easy to cool to be cooled first, and the moisture in the hot air around the steel frame is cooled immediately. The water mist adheres to the steel frame. If the steel frame is rusted, the rusted water will fall on the wooden board under the steel frame, causing rust spots in the ceiling paint. If you do maintenance, you need to remake the following board, which is very troublesome. Therefore, anti-rust work must be done well.
3, large span steel floor plus floor itself is still very flexible, the floor should not be strenuous exercise.
Second, the channel steel loft construction method
1. The most critical point of the channel steel floor is the fixation of the two ends of the channel steel. There are three main methods for fixing:
One is to use angle steel on the wall and lock it to the wall with expansion screws, and then fix it on the top with channel steel. It can also be fixed by the method of anchoring. This method is limited to the place where the wall at both ends is the load-bearing wall or just passes through the beam. It is fixed to the wall with expansion screws. The interval between the expansion screws is not more than 200mm. The other is to make a hole in the wall first, then put the channel steel into the wall, and the weight of the channel steel is directly borne by the wall. This method is limited to bearing walls or thicker shear walls. Another method is to directly erect another channel steel to support the horizontal channel steel, and the vertical channel steel should be fixed to the wall. This method should take into account the load-bearing capacity of the floor slab where the vertical channel steel is located. It is advisable to provide more distributed support. Do not concentrate on a small number of channel steels. The third approach requires the use of channel steel instead of One way is to use angle steel. Generally fixed on the longest side of the two sides, if the longest two sides are laid in parallel without fixed conditions, it can also be laid with the shortest side.
2, to solve the fixed point of the channel, the following is to solve the layout of the main keel. Generally, for the living room, it is recommended to use a channel steel of 120×60×6 mm or more for the main keel. The main keel should be laid parallel to the shortest side with an interval of about 500mm. The channel must be placed on top of a wall with no more than 10mm from the wall. The channel is fully welded to the crosspiece. If there is no fixed condition in parallel with the shortest side, it can be laid parallel to the longest side.
3, then in the main keel between the auxiliary keel welding. The auxiliary keel can adopt equilateral angle steel with specifications of 50x50x4mm or more. The auxiliary keel is welded to the main keel, the plane is the same, and is perpendicular to the main keel. The suggested spacing is 300mm (the maximum value). It should not be sparse. For safety reasons, it is advisable to weld a small piece of angle scrap at the lower part between the auxiliary keel and the main keel for safety.
4, welding railings or stairs. Railings and stairs can only be welded on the main keel and must be full.
5, then use sandpaper to grind the rusting position, then use anti-rust paint to paint all the channels and angles once or more. After it is dry, apply a layer of lacquer. The color of the enamel paint can be freely selected.
6. Lay 15% of the splint on the top of the skeleton. The splint can be fixed on the auxiliary keel with rivets (rivets). Above the splint, lay a 12-centimeter core board (blockboard) layer. The gap between the two boards must be staggered. The big board must be fixed on the splint, and the nail can be nailed directly. If you do not want to use splints, in the case where the density of the auxiliary keel is dense enough, after laying a layer of steel mesh on the top, you can even use a thin steel bar and cement to cast a floor with a thickness of no more than 50mm. The shaking of the slabs cast with cement is lower than that of the plywood, but there is a possibility that a certain amount of cracks may occur in the concrete poured with cement. At this time, it is necessary to ensure the proportion of the cement mortar and the mixing of sufficient fine steel bars.
Precautions:
1) If you are not confident in the fixing of the channel steel, you must add the vertical channel support to the position of the crosspiece. In the case of a fixed crosspiece, not every main keel needs the channel vertical. If there is no more than 6 meters to the support, there will be two or three supports on one side.
2) The steel strip itself must not be welded in two sections. It must be one-piece.
Third, cement construction:
1. The first step is to reinforce the steel bar: After the powder layer on the surface of the concrete beam is knocked out, knock it in a little more and let the post-poured floor be embedded in the original beam, but do not damage and expose the steel bars; use the impact drill to drill into the concrete. Ten centimeter deep holes were drilled; after the steel bars were inserted, the adhesive glue was injected and the spacing of the bars was 100 to 150 mm, depending on the span. Both ends should be inserted into the deep hole. During the production, the middle of the steel bars must be arched and the force is better. The standard position of the steel bar is 12#, the position of the reinforcing bar is 16# or 18#; but there is also a normal position with high requirement of 14#.
2, take the template: This simple, supporting cement shelf. There are two points to pay attention to, one is the level, the second is to pay attention to consider the number of gaps under the good steel, good with the Court.
3, pouring cement, this is to buy cement to pay attention, too much fake. There is no other problem. Adding melon seeds and tablets to mix with concrete is generally about 120 in thickness. Also pay attention to casting the line pipe before you go.
Editor's summary: Information on the type of loft installation and indoor loft installation and construction method is introduced here for everyone. I hope this article will be helpful to everyone. If you still have something you don't understand, you can leave a message to Xiaobian at the bottom. We will answer your questions as soon as possible.
Attic Loft Renovation
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