Modern transmission technology is the key technology of the electromechanical industry. It mainly includes mechanical transmission technology, fluid transmission technology and electric drive technology. This article focuses on mechanical and fluid transmission technologies, where fluid transmission technology primarily includes hydraulic, pneumatic, and hydraulic transmission technologies that utilize fluid (liquid and gas) pressure and liquid kinetic energy for energy transfer. Modern transmission technology mainly undertakes energy transfer, changing motion patterns, realizing energy distribution and control, ensuring transmission accuracy and efficiency, etc. It is an electromechanical product with high speed, automation, high efficiency, high precision, high reliability and light weight. One of the indispensable key technologies for the development of diversification.
1. Status and role
The basic products such as mechanical transmission and electric drive products, bearings and hydraulic, pneumatic and hydraulic transmission products, which are the basis of modern transmission technology, are very important in the national economy and national defense construction.
1.1, the development of basic products determines the improvement of the performance of electromechanical products
1.2, the basic product is the necessary condition to maximize the diversification of mechanical and electrical products
1.3. The basic product is the basic guarantee for completing major engineering projects and major technical equipment.
1.4, the basic products are the guarantee of the reliability of mechanical and electrical products and major engineering projects (equipment)
1.5. Basic products are an indispensable means to realize automation of production processes, especially industrial automation. Hydraulic and pneumatic components and systems, which are important components of basic products, are more important.
1.6. All countries in the world attach importance to the development of basic products.
2. Foreign advanced level and development trend
In recent years, foreign transmission technology has been widely used in high-tech achievements, such as microelectronics technology, computer technology, sensing technology, modern control technology, advanced manufacturing technology, friction and wear technology and new materials, so that the basic products in the level, variety and The application areas of expansion have been greatly improved and developed, and the main development trends are as follows.
2.1, hydraulic transmission and control technology
·Save energy and improve efficiency
·Drive the dosing pump with ac motor or variable frequency motor
· Development of mechatronic components and systems
· Develop a direct-acting electro-hydraulic control valve with high-precision, high-frequency response to pollution-resistant and servo valves with proportional valves.
· Develop electro-hydraulic servo proportional components, solenoid valves, hydraulic positioning cylinders, etc. with built-in electronic systems.
·Import and protect
· Adapt to the needs of host electromechanical integration
·Apply modern control technology to improve the performance of electro-hydraulic automatic control system
· Vigorously develop hydraulic systems and components to expand their application areas.
2.2, pneumatic transmission and control technology
· Development towards lightweight, miniaturization and low energy consumption
·Execution component diversification
·Combined with electronic technology to develop pneumatic servo systems, intelligent components, valve terminals and bus connection systems.
· Development towards high speed, high frequency, high life and high reliability
·Generally used oil-free lubrication
·Application of new materials, new processes and new technologies
· Easy to maintain and maintain
2.3, hydraulic speed control transmission technology
The variable speed hydraulic coupling develops to high power and high speed. The foreign production has a power of 6000~10000kw and a speed of 6000r/min. It is widely used in boiler water supply systems for large thermal power stations, blast furnace blowers, etc., which can save 20% energy. the above. The liquid viscosity speed control system develops rapidly. It uses an electro-hydraulic proportional pressure valve type and a centrifugal type pressure regulating valve to change the pressing force of the active and driven friction plate gaps, thereby adjusting the output rotation number of the driven shaft for use in large fans. And the pump can save 20% energy. The newly developed hydraulic speed converter can achieve a large range of energy tolerance. The foreign hydraulic transmission speed control system is widely combined with the computer, and the number of revolutions is automatically changed according to the change of working conditions. Computer technology is used to optimize the impeller parameters to improve transmission efficiency.
2.4, motion systems and components (bearings, ball screws, etc.)
On the basis of the improvement of the overall level, the bearing is developing in the direction of the three highs, that is, the development of high speed, high precision and high performance.
Products such as ball screws and rolling guides are moving in the direction of high speed and high precision.
2.5, gear transmission
·High-speed heavy-duty gears develop toward high parameters and long life
·Automotive gears use modern manufacturing processes to improve accuracy and reduce noise.
·Universal gears are developing in the direction of complete sets, and various types of gearboxes are widely used.
·Gear transmission combined with other types of transmission
3. Status and gaps
China's basic product industry has formed a production research system with complete categories, certain production capacity and technical level. Especially in the past ten years, the basic product industry has received state support, and the equipment level has improved. At present, it has been able to produce products with complete specifications and specifications, which can be used for automobiles, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools, plastic machines, metallurgical mines, power generation equipment, Petrochemical, railway, ship, port, light industry, electronics, pharmaceutical and defense industries provide a full range of products. Through scientific research and integration of production, education and research, we have made breakthroughs in hydraulic servo proportional systems and components, pneumatic control systems, high-power variable-speed fluid couplings, high-speed gears, automotive and railway bearings, precision spindle bearings, etc. Has been used for production. It has made gratifying progress in product cad and cat, simulation technology, automatic control theory application, gear and bearing noise reduction, seawater and hydraulic transmission, and has been widely used.
In recent years, many wholly-owned and joint ventures have been established in China. While improving the technical level of China's industry, it has provided much-needed high-performance and high-level products for the mainframe, filling the domestic gap. Although the above results have been achieved, there is still a big gap compared with the current domestic demand and the advanced level of foreign countries.
3.1, product convergence, irrational composition
3.2, low product performance and poor reliability
3.3, product innovation and self-development ability is weak, low self-design level
4. Suggestions
1. According to the domestic market demand, relying on scientific and technological progress, constantly adjust the product structure.
2. Adapt to the trend of international transmission technology products industry to internationalization, reorganize and merge existing domestic enterprises, so that the company's development capabilities, equipment capabilities, management level and service level are continuously improved to maintain a certain level of competitiveness.
3. Continuously improve the development capabilities and innovation capabilities of enterprise products, strengthen the combination of production, education and research, make full use of the scientific research and development human resources of higher education institutions, and develop products and technologies with independent property rights.
4. Improve the quality assurance system, continuously improve product quality, especially product reliability, improve product visibility, and create famous brands.
5. For the development of product varieties and the demand for product quality, technical transformation and equipment renewal are planned.
5. Key technologies that are in urgent need of development
1. Energy-saving technologies for hydraulic transmission and control systems, such as load sensing technology, new energy-saving systems and components.
2. Mechatronics technology and IT technology application of high precision, high frequency sound electro-hydraulic, electrical servo proportional system and components, liquid viscosity governor speed control technology. Digital hydraulic, pneumatic systems and components, direct-acting electro-hydraulic control components.
3. Hydraulic system and pollution control technology.
4. No leakage hydraulic system and components.
5. Hydraulic drive and control technology.
6. High-speed heavy-duty gear transmission design and manufacturing technology.
7. High-speed railway bearing design and manufacturing technology.
8. High-speed, high-precision machine tool spindle bearing design and manufacturing technology.
9. Various transmission system noise reduction and life extension technologies.
10. Special transmission technology (harmonic transmission, mechanical stepless speed change, etc.).
11. Advanced design techniques such as computer-aided design and testing, simulation techniques.
12. Fault diagnosis technology for large transmission systems.
13. Applied research in modern manufacturing technologies, such as surface treatment technology, computer-aided manufacturing technology, lubrication technology
1. Status and role
The basic products such as mechanical transmission and electric drive products, bearings and hydraulic, pneumatic and hydraulic transmission products, which are the basis of modern transmission technology, are very important in the national economy and national defense construction.
1.1, the development of basic products determines the improvement of the performance of electromechanical products
1.2, the basic product is the necessary condition to maximize the diversification of mechanical and electrical products
1.3. The basic product is the basic guarantee for completing major engineering projects and major technical equipment.
1.4, the basic products are the guarantee of the reliability of mechanical and electrical products and major engineering projects (equipment)
1.5. Basic products are an indispensable means to realize automation of production processes, especially industrial automation. Hydraulic and pneumatic components and systems, which are important components of basic products, are more important.
1.6. All countries in the world attach importance to the development of basic products.
2. Foreign advanced level and development trend
In recent years, foreign transmission technology has been widely used in high-tech achievements, such as microelectronics technology, computer technology, sensing technology, modern control technology, advanced manufacturing technology, friction and wear technology and new materials, so that the basic products in the level, variety and The application areas of expansion have been greatly improved and developed, and the main development trends are as follows.
2.1, hydraulic transmission and control technology
·Save energy and improve efficiency
·Drive the dosing pump with ac motor or variable frequency motor
· Development of mechatronic components and systems
· Develop a direct-acting electro-hydraulic control valve with high-precision, high-frequency response to pollution-resistant and servo valves with proportional valves.
· Develop electro-hydraulic servo proportional components, solenoid valves, hydraulic positioning cylinders, etc. with built-in electronic systems.
·Import and protect
· Adapt to the needs of host electromechanical integration
·Apply modern control technology to improve the performance of electro-hydraulic automatic control system
· Vigorously develop hydraulic systems and components to expand their application areas.
2.2, pneumatic transmission and control technology
· Development towards lightweight, miniaturization and low energy consumption
·Execution component diversification
·Combined with electronic technology to develop pneumatic servo systems, intelligent components, valve terminals and bus connection systems.
· Development towards high speed, high frequency, high life and high reliability
·Generally used oil-free lubrication
·Application of new materials, new processes and new technologies
· Easy to maintain and maintain
2.3, hydraulic speed control transmission technology
The variable speed hydraulic coupling develops to high power and high speed. The foreign production has a power of 6000~10000kw and a speed of 6000r/min. It is widely used in boiler water supply systems for large thermal power stations, blast furnace blowers, etc., which can save 20% energy. the above. The liquid viscosity speed control system develops rapidly. It uses an electro-hydraulic proportional pressure valve type and a centrifugal type pressure regulating valve to change the pressing force of the active and driven friction plate gaps, thereby adjusting the output rotation number of the driven shaft for use in large fans. And the pump can save 20% energy. The newly developed hydraulic speed converter can achieve a large range of energy tolerance. The foreign hydraulic transmission speed control system is widely combined with the computer, and the number of revolutions is automatically changed according to the change of working conditions. Computer technology is used to optimize the impeller parameters to improve transmission efficiency.
2.4, motion systems and components (bearings, ball screws, etc.)
On the basis of the improvement of the overall level, the bearing is developing in the direction of the three highs, that is, the development of high speed, high precision and high performance.
Products such as ball screws and rolling guides are moving in the direction of high speed and high precision.
2.5, gear transmission
·High-speed heavy-duty gears develop toward high parameters and long life
·Automotive gears use modern manufacturing processes to improve accuracy and reduce noise.
·Universal gears are developing in the direction of complete sets, and various types of gearboxes are widely used.
·Gear transmission combined with other types of transmission
3. Status and gaps
China's basic product industry has formed a production research system with complete categories, certain production capacity and technical level. Especially in the past ten years, the basic product industry has received state support, and the equipment level has improved. At present, it has been able to produce products with complete specifications and specifications, which can be used for automobiles, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools, plastic machines, metallurgical mines, power generation equipment, Petrochemical, railway, ship, port, light industry, electronics, pharmaceutical and defense industries provide a full range of products. Through scientific research and integration of production, education and research, we have made breakthroughs in hydraulic servo proportional systems and components, pneumatic control systems, high-power variable-speed fluid couplings, high-speed gears, automotive and railway bearings, precision spindle bearings, etc. Has been used for production. It has made gratifying progress in product cad and cat, simulation technology, automatic control theory application, gear and bearing noise reduction, seawater and hydraulic transmission, and has been widely used.
In recent years, many wholly-owned and joint ventures have been established in China. While improving the technical level of China's industry, it has provided much-needed high-performance and high-level products for the mainframe, filling the domestic gap. Although the above results have been achieved, there is still a big gap compared with the current domestic demand and the advanced level of foreign countries.
3.1, product convergence, irrational composition
3.2, low product performance and poor reliability
3.3, product innovation and self-development ability is weak, low self-design level
4. Suggestions
1. According to the domestic market demand, relying on scientific and technological progress, constantly adjust the product structure.
2. Adapt to the trend of international transmission technology products industry to internationalization, reorganize and merge existing domestic enterprises, so that the company's development capabilities, equipment capabilities, management level and service level are continuously improved to maintain a certain level of competitiveness.
3. Continuously improve the development capabilities and innovation capabilities of enterprise products, strengthen the combination of production, education and research, make full use of the scientific research and development human resources of higher education institutions, and develop products and technologies with independent property rights.
4. Improve the quality assurance system, continuously improve product quality, especially product reliability, improve product visibility, and create famous brands.
5. For the development of product varieties and the demand for product quality, technical transformation and equipment renewal are planned.
5. Key technologies that are in urgent need of development
1. Energy-saving technologies for hydraulic transmission and control systems, such as load sensing technology, new energy-saving systems and components.
2. Mechatronics technology and IT technology application of high precision, high frequency sound electro-hydraulic, electrical servo proportional system and components, liquid viscosity governor speed control technology. Digital hydraulic, pneumatic systems and components, direct-acting electro-hydraulic control components.
3. Hydraulic system and pollution control technology.
4. No leakage hydraulic system and components.
5. Hydraulic drive and control technology.
6. High-speed heavy-duty gear transmission design and manufacturing technology.
7. High-speed railway bearing design and manufacturing technology.
8. High-speed, high-precision machine tool spindle bearing design and manufacturing technology.
9. Various transmission system noise reduction and life extension technologies.
10. Special transmission technology (harmonic transmission, mechanical stepless speed change, etc.).
11. Advanced design techniques such as computer-aided design and testing, simulation techniques.
12. Fault diagnosis technology for large transmission systems.
13. Applied research in modern manufacturing technologies, such as surface treatment technology, computer-aided manufacturing technology, lubrication technology
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