China's stone industry has achieved rapid development in the past 100 years from 1900 to 2010, which is divided into two stages. From 1900 to 1949, there were only dozens of simple workshop-style production methods. In 1900, the stonemason in Dashiwo Township, Fangshan District, Beijing, inherited the ancestral home, hand-carved white marble art, mainly supplying royal and Daguan nobles, with an annual output of 150-200 pieces. The number of employees is less than 300. However, since its development in 1949, there have been more than 27,400 Chinese stone enterprises, employing about 5.5 million people. In 1910, Italian merchants first opened the Marble Company in Tianjin, using semi-mechanized processing of stone mainly for the renovation of street shops and counter counters. In 1919, Beiping Private Li Artificial Marble Factory was established, covering an area of ​​only 30 square meters. It has a small cutting machine, a stone saw machine, a hand grinder, a circular saw and a movable stone grinder. Diamonds are used as abrasives, 20 workers, and 500 square meters of marble plates are processed annually. In 1929, Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was completed and became the largest stone project in the Republic of China. From 1930 to 1948, Germans opened stone companies in Qingdao; Beijing private stone factories were established; Japanese merchants opened Fengfu marble factory in Shenyang; Italian merchants opened “Daweixing†in Shanghai; Japanese merchants opened Tianqiao marble factory in Dalian The Japanese business opened Longchang Company in Changchun. These companies are still mainly semi-mechanical and manual, with an annual output of less than 5,000 square meters of marble, granite and terrazzo. From 1949 to 1952, Beijing Huaji Stone provided stone products for key projects such as Zhongrenhai Huairentang and Beijing Peace Hotel. The annual production of marble plates is only 1,000 square meters. In 1953, the first construction company of Beijing, the wood processing plant (now the predecessor of the Beijing Construction Terrazzo) began to produce terrazzo. In 1955, the national marble export plate was only 1,000 square meters. In 1957, Huaji Stone Factory was merged into Beijing Marble Factory. Marble became the exclusive processing and processing products of the factory in Beijing and began to be exported to Singapore, Egypt, Cambodia, Thailand, Mongolia and so on. In the same year, all private stone enterprises were transformed into public-private joint ventures. In 1958, public-private joint venture stone companies were all converted into state-owned enterprises. In order to meet the needs of Beijing's top ten projects, a number of stone enterprises have been newly built by the original construction engineering department and related provincial building materials departments: Beijing Marble Factory, Tianjin Marble Factory, Shanghai Marble Factory, Beijing Building Materials Terrazzo Factory, Beijing Construction Terrazzo Factory, Shenyang Marble Factory, Qingdao Marble Factory. In that year, granite and marble production was 160,000 square meters nationwide and 120,000 square meters of terrazzo. In 1963, China was born with an industrial synthetic diamond, which created important conditions for the localization of stone machinery. In 1969, the Hangzhou Marble Factory was approved by the Ministry of Building Materials Industry to introduce the first ordinary wire rope saw from Italy. It was developed by China using diamond tools. At the beginning, the history of mechanical mining was created. In 1972, the export of stone and related products nationwide exceeded 1 million US dollars. The Institute of Artificial Crystals of the National Building Materials Bureau established a professional research institute for diamond tools and became an incubator for the diamond tool industry in China. In 1973, the State Construction Committee and the Planning Commission held a national three-stone work conference in Beijing to set out the technical standards for the “Three Stonesâ€. In 1976, the Beijing Institute of Artificial Crystals formed a series of diamond tools. The cutting, milling, drilling and grinding tools were complete. In 1977, Beijing Chairman Mao Memorial Hall used a lot of stone inside and outside decoration. The national stone industry began to provide stone materials to the conference. There are Beijing Marble Factory and Hangzhou. Marble factory, etc.; provided by the Institute of Artificial Crystals, Zhengzhou Sanmao; the types of stone used are: Quanzhou white, asbestos red, Hangzhou ash, white marble, etc., the first use of stone dry hanging technology. In 1978, the first stone processing heat was set up in the country. A large number of stone mining and processing equipment climaxes were introduced. More than 200 production lines were introduced, and 290 sets of diamond tool manufacturing equipment were introduced. At the same time, domestic personnel began to go abroad for training. In 1979, the annual production of "Three Stones" was 170,000 square meters, and the annual foreign exchange earned 3 million US dollars. In 1983, the State Building Materials Bureau approved the establishment of the China Stone Industry Association "Stone" magazine editorial department was also established. In 1984 Shanxi Machine Tool Plant, Wuhan University of Technology Stone Institute, Hunan Building Materials Equipment Factory produced domestic double-head row hole drilling machine, hydraulic drilling rig, lying Rock drills, diamond bead rope saws, fast wire rope saws, hydraulic top stones, mast cranes, etc., make quarrying and processing equipment one step at a time. In 1987, eight provincial-level stone associations were established in the stone-developed areas, with more than 800 members nationwide. In that year, the production of marble slabs was 2.64 million square meters, granite was 6.33 million square meters, and terrazzo was 5.13 million square meters. At the end of the year, statistics show that China has imported almost all kinds of major stone technology and equipment in the world. In 1988, the National Building Materials Bureau Stone Quality Monitoring Center was established. 1992 "Natural Marble Building Panels", "Natural Marble Blocks", "Natural Granite Blocks", "Natural Granite Plates", "Natural Facing Stone Terminology", "Test Methods for Natural Finished Stones", "Measurement method for specular gloss of architectural finish materials", the building materials industry and the national love standard were released. In 1993, the "Classification Control of Radioactive Protection of Natural Stone Products" was released. In 1997, natural marble and granite exports exceeded US$700 million for the first time. The Hong Kong Hall of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing has become the most popular place for interior decoration using white marble. In 1999, the first group army of Chinese stone enterprises appeared: Shenzhen Kangli, Gaoshi; Dongguan Global, Dongcheng; Xinjiang Guanghui, etc., with an annual turnover of more than 200 million yuan. In 2000, the national stone export earned foreign exchange exceeded 800 million US dollars for the first time; the stone industry created three world firsts, and for the fifth consecutive year, it became the largest exporter of single products in the domestic building materials industry.
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