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Good things can really be gathered together.
When we think of satellites that have communications, weather monitoring, and GPS positioning, what emerges in mind is a monster — as large as a school bus, weighing several tons. However, there is now a smaller satellite that is quietly becoming popular. This miniaturized satellite is called a nanosatellite or cube satellite and can be placed in your palm. They will provide new tools for space exploration.
Small size, use is not small
"Cube Cube is one of the technologies that are changing the development of space exploration." David Pierce, senior project manager of NASA suborbital research, said: "The Cube Satellite is a small platform that allows the next generation Scientists and engineers have completed a variety of space missions since school days. Cube satellites were used in teaching and technology demonstrations and now have the potential to perform important space exploration missions."
According to NASA's official website, cube satellites are designed according to the technical standard of 1 unit (1U). Each 1U is equivalent to 10 cubic centimeters. Their volume can be designed as 1U, 2U, 3U, or 6U, and each 1U weighs 3 pounds. .
They are usually carried on the rocket as ancillary payload and sent to space orbit, which greatly reduces the rocket launch cost. And because of the lighter loads and lower prices, Cube Satellite also significantly reduces the cost of "space trials."
“It provides us with an opportunity to take risks.†Janice Bockner, program executive at the NASA Planet Exploration Small Innovation Tasks (SIMPLEx), said: “These miniature experiments complement NASA's large-scale experiments.â€
Because of its smallness, it is "close to the people."
It is also possible to interpret Cube Satellite's "small is big" from another angle, that is, the use of cube satellites covers a wide range of people, not limited to those top scientists.
Cube satellites are not only less costly, but they have a shorter period of time (usually two to three years) from concept research to launch, allowing students and more and more citizen scientists and engineers to participate in NASA's space exploration mission. By providing students and teachers with hands-on opportunities, NASA's cube satellites attract more students to stay in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, reinforcing NASA's or even the entire United States’ future talent pool in space exploration.
In addition, the wide range of cube satellites can also be interpreted from a geographical perspective. In 2014, NASA announced the expansion of its cube-launched satellite launch program with the goal of launching 50 cubic satellites in 50 US states within five years. To date, NASA has selected cube satellites from 30 states and 17 have already been launched.
Alaska and Maryland states will launch Cube satellites later this year, one of which will be launched in the name of an elementary school.
Small task, great potential
In April 2015, NASA's planet explored a small innovation mission project to seek proposals for interplanetary exploration of cubic satellites. Two exploration missions were selected, and one postdoctoral scientist and one university professor were responsible.
One of them is the Luna H-Map. The 6U-class cube satellite will enter the moon's polar orbit and operate at a low altitude of 3 to 7 miles (4.8 to 11.3 kilometers) from the moon's south pole. The two neutron spectrometers it carries will depict the distribution of hydrogen on the lunar surface. The other is the “Quality Particle Spherical Aggregation and Collision Experiment Cube†(Q-PACE), which is a 2U-class, thermos-sized satellite that will study the basic characteristics of low-velocity particles when they collide in a microgravity environment. A good understanding of the mechanism of early planetary formation.
In addition, the Planetary Sciences Department of NASA headquarters has also selected three cube satellite technologies for future planetary exploration: one to expand NASA's ability to analyze Mars' atmosphere, one to analyze the hydrogen cycle of the Moon, and one to use To observe near-Earth asteroids.
"These selected tasks will give the next generation of planetary scientists and engineers the opportunity to use revolutionary new mission concepts that may bring extraordinary scientific realms." Bockner concluded that "cube satellites will affect the future." Planet Exploration." (Reporter Liu Yuanyuan)
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