As people's awareness of environmental protection and health awareness increase, people are increasingly fond of "green" food. Therefore, the correct and efficient use of bio-pesticides has attracted more and more attention. At present, biological pesticides have been widely promoted and used in field crops, vegetables, fruit trees and flowers. However, since the use effect of biological pesticides is often affected by many factors, we should make maximum use of its favorable factors in practical applications, overcome and avoid unfavorable factors, and maximize the control effect of biological pesticides.
First, the effect of using the biological pesticides is greatly affected by environmental factors. Therefore, in practice, it takes a certain time for biological pesticides to be taken from plants to insects to feed or contact with bacteria, and it takes a process from feeding pests to death, which is susceptible to external influence during this period. The most influential factors are temperature, humidity, light and wind. Temperature not only acts on biological insecticide spores, but also on the pest itself, thus affecting the pathogenicity and toxicity of pathogenic microorganisms; humidity has a direct relationship with the propagation and spread of biocide spores, humidity, microbial spore reproduction and Rapid diffusion, easy to infect and kill pests; ultraviolet rays in the sun have a lethal killing effect on spores, so try to avoid strong light when applying, such as better use after 4 pm, wind-to-powder bio-pesticide drift And diffusion has a vital role, the application of powder under the breeze, the best effect.
Second, in different areas, the use of biological pesticides is not the same. China has a vast territory and large regional differences. The south is humid and rainy, and the north and west are dry and rainless. Biological pesticides can only be most effective when they meet the best conditions for their lives. On the one hand, it is necessary to increase the amount of sprayed medicinal water in arid areas, resulting in a high-humidity environment, which is easy to survive and multiply microbial spores; on the other hand, it can add some specific high molecular substances and substances that increase the viscosity of the solution. Such as starch, animal bone glue, grass ash leaching solution, etc., this can reduce evaporation in the deposition solution sprayed by the carrier, thereby avoiding the occurrence of rapid drying, thereby improving the use effect of the biological pesticide.
Third, the insect pests are the object of biological pesticides. For different types and characteristics of pests, the use of biological pesticides is also different. There are several different developmental stages in the life of the pest, and the resistance to the biological insecticide is different at each development stage. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the development stage of the pest. For example, the life cycle of the cabbage caterpillar can be divided into four different developmental stages: egg, larva, cockroach and moth. The egg stage is protected by egg shells, and the larvae are protected by the corpus callosum. The old larvae have thicker wax layer protection. Winged to fly. Therefore, only when the application of the young larvae is selected, the effect of the biological pesticides can be fully exerted, thereby achieving the requirements of "treating the disease, treating the disease early, and treating it". In addition, different types of bio-insecticides should be used according to the feeding characteristics of pests. For example, BT has a good effect on lepidopteran pests. It is distributed on the surface of plants after spraying, so that the pests feed or touch the medicine, but they suck the juice. Insects (such as mites) are ineffective, and avermectin works very well on aphids.
Fourth, look at mechanical biological pesticides In practical applications, most spray systems are very inefficient, usually applied directly from top to bottom, causing a large amount of pesticides to accumulate on the top leaves of the crop, and other pesticides are lost in the soil. In particular, when the fog is large, the loss is even greater. At the same time, due to the high cost of biopesticide production, the drug technology should be optimized. It is imperative to use high-performance spraying machinery. If sprayed by mist, the nozzles sprayed with the fan-shaped air nozzles will be small and uniform, which will reduce the potential drift of the spray and make the smaller droplets spray to the expected. Target leaves, thereby improving the efficacy of biological pesticides and reducing production costs.
Fifth, the control effect of the dosage form of biological pesticides is often closely related to the dosage form and the use technology. Therefore, when using biological pesticides, according to the control object, meteorological conditions and the period of use, the correct dosage form should be correctly selected to achieve the maximum control effect. For example, the powder can be dispersed in a wide range by means of air buoyancy and wind, so that it has greater contact with pests. For pests with a large amount of edible leaves, such as cabbage caterpillar, a method of spraying a wettable powder with water to form a suspension can be used. Ok, and the effect of using the dusting method is worse. Capsules not only have a long-term effect, but also protect the pathogens from environmental factors, and can be used in greenhouses.
Sixth, look at the actual use of biological pesticides, many people do not fully understand the nature of biological pesticides, mistakenly believe that biological pesticides can kill all pests, and therefore indiscriminately purchase and use, in fact, this is not only Can not receive the desired effect, increase production costs, increase the difficulty of prevention, and will delay the prevention period. In fact, biocides are highly specific and have a poor insecticidal spectrum. For example, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is effective against lepidopteran larvae, while it is not fatal to the leafhoppers of the same wing, and Bacillus thuringiensis There are also differences in the control of several important pests in different strains. Therefore, suitable biopesticide varieties should be selected in a targeted manner for different target pests.
VII. According to the migratory characteristics of pests, in the actual use of biological pesticides, according to the migratory characteristics of pests, measures should be taken to use bio-pesticides with high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue chemical pesticides, because low-dose is added to biological pesticides. Chemical pesticides can reduce the resistance of pests and create conditions for the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, when pests are infested by pathogenic microorganisms, the resistance to chemical pesticides is reduced, so that the two complement each other and thus play a synergistic role.
131300 Xinfeng Town, Da'an City, Jilin Province, China
First, the effect of using the biological pesticides is greatly affected by environmental factors. Therefore, in practice, it takes a certain time for biological pesticides to be taken from plants to insects to feed or contact with bacteria, and it takes a process from feeding pests to death, which is susceptible to external influence during this period. The most influential factors are temperature, humidity, light and wind. Temperature not only acts on biological insecticide spores, but also on the pest itself, thus affecting the pathogenicity and toxicity of pathogenic microorganisms; humidity has a direct relationship with the propagation and spread of biocide spores, humidity, microbial spore reproduction and Rapid diffusion, easy to infect and kill pests; ultraviolet rays in the sun have a lethal killing effect on spores, so try to avoid strong light when applying, such as better use after 4 pm, wind-to-powder bio-pesticide drift And diffusion has a vital role, the application of powder under the breeze, the best effect.
Second, in different areas, the use of biological pesticides is not the same. China has a vast territory and large regional differences. The south is humid and rainy, and the north and west are dry and rainless. Biological pesticides can only be most effective when they meet the best conditions for their lives. On the one hand, it is necessary to increase the amount of sprayed medicinal water in arid areas, resulting in a high-humidity environment, which is easy to survive and multiply microbial spores; on the other hand, it can add some specific high molecular substances and substances that increase the viscosity of the solution. Such as starch, animal bone glue, grass ash leaching solution, etc., this can reduce evaporation in the deposition solution sprayed by the carrier, thereby avoiding the occurrence of rapid drying, thereby improving the use effect of the biological pesticide.
Third, the insect pests are the object of biological pesticides. For different types and characteristics of pests, the use of biological pesticides is also different. There are several different developmental stages in the life of the pest, and the resistance to the biological insecticide is different at each development stage. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the development stage of the pest. For example, the life cycle of the cabbage caterpillar can be divided into four different developmental stages: egg, larva, cockroach and moth. The egg stage is protected by egg shells, and the larvae are protected by the corpus callosum. The old larvae have thicker wax layer protection. Winged to fly. Therefore, only when the application of the young larvae is selected, the effect of the biological pesticides can be fully exerted, thereby achieving the requirements of "treating the disease, treating the disease early, and treating it". In addition, different types of bio-insecticides should be used according to the feeding characteristics of pests. For example, BT has a good effect on lepidopteran pests. It is distributed on the surface of plants after spraying, so that the pests feed or touch the medicine, but they suck the juice. Insects (such as mites) are ineffective, and avermectin works very well on aphids.
Fourth, look at mechanical biological pesticides In practical applications, most spray systems are very inefficient, usually applied directly from top to bottom, causing a large amount of pesticides to accumulate on the top leaves of the crop, and other pesticides are lost in the soil. In particular, when the fog is large, the loss is even greater. At the same time, due to the high cost of biopesticide production, the drug technology should be optimized. It is imperative to use high-performance spraying machinery. If sprayed by mist, the nozzles sprayed with the fan-shaped air nozzles will be small and uniform, which will reduce the potential drift of the spray and make the smaller droplets spray to the expected. Target leaves, thereby improving the efficacy of biological pesticides and reducing production costs.
Fifth, the control effect of the dosage form of biological pesticides is often closely related to the dosage form and the use technology. Therefore, when using biological pesticides, according to the control object, meteorological conditions and the period of use, the correct dosage form should be correctly selected to achieve the maximum control effect. For example, the powder can be dispersed in a wide range by means of air buoyancy and wind, so that it has greater contact with pests. For pests with a large amount of edible leaves, such as cabbage caterpillar, a method of spraying a wettable powder with water to form a suspension can be used. Ok, and the effect of using the dusting method is worse. Capsules not only have a long-term effect, but also protect the pathogens from environmental factors, and can be used in greenhouses.
Sixth, look at the actual use of biological pesticides, many people do not fully understand the nature of biological pesticides, mistakenly believe that biological pesticides can kill all pests, and therefore indiscriminately purchase and use, in fact, this is not only Can not receive the desired effect, increase production costs, increase the difficulty of prevention, and will delay the prevention period. In fact, biocides are highly specific and have a poor insecticidal spectrum. For example, Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is effective against lepidopteran larvae, while it is not fatal to the leafhoppers of the same wing, and Bacillus thuringiensis There are also differences in the control of several important pests in different strains. Therefore, suitable biopesticide varieties should be selected in a targeted manner for different target pests.
VII. According to the migratory characteristics of pests, in the actual use of biological pesticides, according to the migratory characteristics of pests, measures should be taken to use bio-pesticides with high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue chemical pesticides, because low-dose is added to biological pesticides. Chemical pesticides can reduce the resistance of pests and create conditions for the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, when pests are infested by pathogenic microorganisms, the resistance to chemical pesticides is reduced, so that the two complement each other and thus play a synergistic role.
131300 Xinfeng Town, Da'an City, Jilin Province, China
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