Spring returns to the earth, everything recovers, and various pests and diseases are about to move. At this time, the prevention and control of pests and diseases should be based on prevention and prevention.
Prevention and treatment of rot disease from the beginning of March to the end of April is the first peak of rot disease, to be raided and cured. The lesions that rot deep into the xylem should be scraped to the xylem. After the rotten skin is scraped off, it is necessary to clear the edge, and the skin will be scraped off to a width of 0.5 to 1 cm. The clear side should be neat and smooth, and the scars should be diamond-shaped to avoid recurrence of old diseases. The scratched lesions are treated with disinfection and disinfection in time, and the scraped skin immediately takes out the orchard and burns. Commonly used disinfectants are such as rot. In addition, for severely ill trees, when the sap flows, it is necessary to bridge to restore the tree potential. Bridging method: After the rot disease is cured, the sputum is carved at 3~4 cm above the lesion, and a "T" shape is carved under the sputum and deep into the xylem, and then from the small Guoguang tree. Cut a 1 year old robust branch (also can use other varieties of strong branches), according to the length of the disease, you need to cut a certain length, cut a horse-shaped bevel on the same side of the branches, and then insert the upper end into the "⊥" shape, Insert the lower end into the "T" shape, the insert is preferably slightly arched to make it firm, and then nail a small nail on the bevel of the branch to apply the prepared wax or other viscous material suitable for grafting to the incision. At the place, the water is evaporated to ensure the survival rate. For trees with larger lesions, several bridges can be bridged.
Clean up the orchard in early March to scrape the old bark, lift the straw, remove weeds and fallen leaves to eliminate various wintering bacteria (rotillary disease, anthracnose, early leaf disease) and pests (Hawthorn red spider, apple leaf curler) Wait). Note that the bark is not too heavy, the focus is on the thick old bark below the three main branches. The cleaned rough skin and fallen leaves should be taken out of the garden to be burnt or buried, and should not be discarded.
Diagnosis and treatment of deficiency syndrome in the middle and late March, the orchard in the thin land, sandy beach, saline-alkali land is prone to deficiency, and yellow leaf disease can be sprayed with 0.3%~0.5% ferrous sulfate solution in the branches; sandy land, mountain orchard It is also possible to combine ferrous sulfate with fertilization (500 grams per plant). For fruit trees with severe shrinkage disease, 150~200 grams of borax per plant (large tree) can be applied when applying the base fertilizer, and water should be poured immediately after application. Fruit trees with severe lobular disease can be sprayed with 3%~5% zinc sulphate solution before germination, or 1% zinc sulphate solution when inflorescence is red, or combined with fertilization, 500~1000 g of zinc sulphate per plant root. Small trees are reduced. The above three kinds of fertilizers, root application is not suitable for saline or alkali orchards.
Prevention and control of rotten root disease In late March, the orchard with rotten root disease should pay attention to the roots, remove the roots and disinfect the soil. The soil around the root of the disease is taken out of the garden. The soil is disinfected with 40% formaldehyde 100 times solution or sodium pentachlorophenol sodium 150 times. The seriously ill tree should be rooted. Before the rainy season, it is planted with grass ash or lime and buried into a mound. It can't hold water.
Prevention and treatment of seriously ill hospitals In late March, the orchard with heavy disease should spray 3~5 wave of sulphur sulphur mixture. In combination with the prevention of winter insect pests such as scale insects, it is also possible to spray a 95% oil emulsion 50 times solution. For a single plant with serious tumor sputum, 40% dimethoate emulsion can be used for 2~5 times of water. In the trunk of about 30 cm from the ground, the old rough skin is scraped off 10 cm, coated with 6~10 cm, and then used. Old newspaper bandaged.
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