From the scientific point of view, in order to make the farmer's fertilizer fully exert its fertilizer effect, the following points should be paid attention to in winter composting and storage of fertilizer.
1. The fertilizer pile should not be small. In the cold season, the climate is cold. In order to promote the warming and fertilization of the fertilizer pile, the fertilizer piles for composting in winter should be appropriately increased. Generally, the diameter is 3 to 4 m, and the height is about 2 m. It is also possible to use a rectangular fertilizer pile with a height of 2 m, a width of 1.50 to 2 m and a length of 4 m. If the pile is too low and too narrow, the cold is invaded, the heat is lost quickly, the fertilizer is slow and the quality is poor. In addition, some farmers transport fertilizer to small piles of farmland or sprinkle on the ground during the winter and spring seasons. These practices are very detrimental to nitrogen retention. According to the measurement, the fertilizer will be reduced to about 30% when the fertilizer is stored in a small pile, and about 64% will be lost when it is scattered on the ground, and only about 10% will be lost in the winter. Therefore, in general, winter and spring fertilizer should be stored in large piles in the ground, and then sprinkled into the ground before ploughing.
2, cover soil sealing mud to ensure fertilizer efficiency. In addition to large piles of fertilizer or storage fertilizer in winter, measures should be taken to cover the soil around the pile and at the top of the pile: that is, cover 1 layer of soil or 1 layer of wheat straw mud, which can make the cold can not be piled up, the hot air can not be emitted. effect. At the same time, the cover soil seals the passage of nitrogen volatilization loss and reduces the loss of nitrogen. It has been determined that at the same time, the nitrogen loss rate of the manure cover soil is less than 10%, while the nitrogen loss of the uncovered soil seal is about 30%.
3. The ash dung should be stored separately. Ash ash is a kind of alkaline fertilizer. Mixing with manure can cause a sharp drop in nitrogen in manure. According to the test: with straw or gray ash gasket or cover manure, after 3 days, the manure nitrogen loss is about 40%, and after 3 months, the loss is about 95%. After 3 days without paddy ash or uncovered manure, only 5% is lost, and the loss is after 3 months. About 48%. Therefore, in the winter composting process, the ash dung must be stored separately. Do not mix.
4. Fertilizer and phosphorus and nitrogen retention are mixed in the fertilizer pile and mixed with 2% to 3% of superphosphate or more than 5% of phosphate rock powder for storage and storage, which can play a significant role in nitrogen retention. According to the test, if the superphosphate is mixed in the fertilizer pile, the nitrogen loss will only be about 3.10% after 4 months, and the unadded loss will be about 45%. After 4 months of adding the phosphate rock powder, the nitrogen loss will be about 5.40%. Without adding, the loss is about 49.60%. Therefore, we must pay attention to adding some phosphate fertilizer when composting, and do more with half the effort with phosphorus and nitrogen.
1. The fertilizer pile should not be small. In the cold season, the climate is cold. In order to promote the warming and fertilization of the fertilizer pile, the fertilizer piles for composting in winter should be appropriately increased. Generally, the diameter is 3 to 4 m, and the height is about 2 m. It is also possible to use a rectangular fertilizer pile with a height of 2 m, a width of 1.50 to 2 m and a length of 4 m. If the pile is too low and too narrow, the cold is invaded, the heat is lost quickly, the fertilizer is slow and the quality is poor. In addition, some farmers transport fertilizer to small piles of farmland or sprinkle on the ground during the winter and spring seasons. These practices are very detrimental to nitrogen retention. According to the measurement, the fertilizer will be reduced to about 30% when the fertilizer is stored in a small pile, and about 64% will be lost when it is scattered on the ground, and only about 10% will be lost in the winter. Therefore, in general, winter and spring fertilizer should be stored in large piles in the ground, and then sprinkled into the ground before ploughing.
2, cover soil sealing mud to ensure fertilizer efficiency. In addition to large piles of fertilizer or storage fertilizer in winter, measures should be taken to cover the soil around the pile and at the top of the pile: that is, cover 1 layer of soil or 1 layer of wheat straw mud, which can make the cold can not be piled up, the hot air can not be emitted. effect. At the same time, the cover soil seals the passage of nitrogen volatilization loss and reduces the loss of nitrogen. It has been determined that at the same time, the nitrogen loss rate of the manure cover soil is less than 10%, while the nitrogen loss of the uncovered soil seal is about 30%.
3. The ash dung should be stored separately. Ash ash is a kind of alkaline fertilizer. Mixing with manure can cause a sharp drop in nitrogen in manure. According to the test: with straw or gray ash gasket or cover manure, after 3 days, the manure nitrogen loss is about 40%, and after 3 months, the loss is about 95%. After 3 days without paddy ash or uncovered manure, only 5% is lost, and the loss is after 3 months. About 48%. Therefore, in the winter composting process, the ash dung must be stored separately. Do not mix.
4. Fertilizer and phosphorus and nitrogen retention are mixed in the fertilizer pile and mixed with 2% to 3% of superphosphate or more than 5% of phosphate rock powder for storage and storage, which can play a significant role in nitrogen retention. According to the test, if the superphosphate is mixed in the fertilizer pile, the nitrogen loss will only be about 3.10% after 4 months, and the unadded loss will be about 45%. After 4 months of adding the phosphate rock powder, the nitrogen loss will be about 5.40%. Without adding, the loss is about 49.60%. Therefore, we must pay attention to adding some phosphate fertilizer when composting, and do more with half the effort with phosphorus and nitrogen.
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