Ultra-light body armor, ultra-thin ultra-light aircraft, ultra-thin foldable mobile phones, high-strength aerospace materials, high-performance energy storage and sensors, supercapacitors, and more and more future devices based on graphene materials have entered the research field of scientists.
The mysterious and magical nature of graphene creates an infinite association with its future prospects. At present, in China, the application research on graphene is in full swing. Many enterprises and parks have a special liking for graphene industry. Some local governments have also provided funds to support and try to seize the high ground of graphene industry. Experts said that the excellent performance of graphene makes its application value and application range extremely large, and it is expected to form a trillion-dollar industrial scale.
Wide range of applications
“Never a material has been widely watched in various fields like graphene.†Industry insiders feel that although there are no real graphene products available at home and abroad, “but it is the most Close to the application material."
Ultra-light body armor, ultra-thin and ultra-light aircraft, ultra-thin foldable mobile phones, high-strength aerospace materials, high-performance energy storage and sensors, supercapacitors, and even more imaginative space elevators, more and more based on graphene materials Future devices enter the research field of scientists.
Among them, the application of transparent electrodes is the most attractive. "Graphite has good electrical conductivity and light transmission properties, which makes it have a very good application prospect in transparent conducting electrodes." According to industry insiders, touch screens, liquid crystal displays, organic photovoltaic cells, organic light-emitting diodes, etc. in electronic products today A good transparent conductive electrode material is required.
The traditional conductivity electrode uses indium tin oxide, which is relatively brittle and is relatively easy to damage. In contrast, graphene is not only harder but also better in performance.
“Indium tin oxide has a low light pass rate. With graphene, the screen of the display will be brighter.†Zeng Changjun, a professor of physics at the University of Science and Technology of China, told reporters that the use of graphene in transparent electrodes will significantly reduce the cost of electronic equipment. And make it more energy-efficient and clearer. "In ten years, graphene can certainly be commercialized in terms of transparent electrodes."
More than 97% of the light transmission rate has brought about changes in the application of transparent electrodes, and it has also made it possible to upgrade the solar industry. According to experts, the current solar panels on the market are basically polycrystalline silicon, and its photoelectric conversion rate is about 30%, while the photoelectric conversion efficiency of graphene solar technology is as high as 60%, which is twice that of the existing polysilicon solar technology. Despite the increasingly thorough research on graphene by domestic and foreign scientists, the results of their application are constantly emerging. However, there are few real graphene materials available on the market.
The preparation technology is one of the roadblocks for graphene to enter the application field and realize industrialization. The high-cost preparation technology has pushed up the market price of graphene, and its price once reached 5,000 yuan per gram, which is more than ten times that of gold. According to industry analysts, China still faces major challenges in the research of graphene preparation methods. “The challenge lies in how to prepare high-quality single-crystal materials with large areas and controllable impurity defects and how to improve the graphene processing technology of existing silicon-based processes.â€
"With the upgrading of graphene preparation technology, the conditions for industrial production are also maturing. I believe that in the next few years, new products made of graphene will continue to emerge," said industry insiders.
Industrialization process or speed up
"Domestic graphene will achieve initial results in industrialization within 2-3 years." Feng Guanping, the founding dean of the Shenzhen Research Institute of Tsinghua University and a professor at Tsinghua University.
"What we have to do is to make graphene from the price of gold to the price of cabbage, but still retain the quality of gold." Feng Guanping said that only by reducing the cost of raw materials, graphene can be more widely used in various fields, otherwise graphite The olefin will not be industrialized.
Li Yichun, secretary general of the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance, said that it was generally believed that it took at least five years for the industrialization of graphene to be industrialized. However, at present, the research results in the application of graphene in China are endless. In some fields, graphite It may take only 2-3 years for the olefin to be industrialized. “At present, the development of graphene and related related technologies is very fast, and industrial application is much more than expected. Some applications that are expected to be completed in 2020 are very likely to be realized in 2015.†Li Yichun said, “Although the graphene industry The direction is optimistic, but it does take time."
Li Yichun believes that the development of China's graphene industry is very different from the development of the previous photovoltaic industry. The photovoltaic industry is taking the path of “importing equipment – ​​forming production lines – mass production – overcapacityâ€, and the problem of low-level redundant construction is serious. The graphene industry has no ready-made technology and experience, and all countries start from research and development. Through the breakthrough of research and development to form a core competitiveness, and then according to the characteristics of the enterprise to achieve the connection with the local industry and landing.
At this stage, many companies have studied how to improve product performance and reduce production costs according to their own characteristics, and seek breakthroughs in their fields. Some local governments have made some strategic layouts in the development of graphene industrialization and have formed their own industrial characteristics. For example, in Qingdao, due to the relatively developed local marine economy, graphene is mainly engaged in marine-related industries such as seawater desalination and anti-corrosion coatings. "The acceptance of graphene and the local industry can quickly develop downstream applications." Li Yichun said.
Although the time for the industrialization of graphene may be much faster than originally expected, Li Yichun said that most of the graphene research results are still in the laboratory stage, and there are still some difficulties in mass production. At present, China's graphene industry technology innovation strategic alliance is guiding local governments to strengthen support for the application of graphene industrialization.
Increase policy support
"In the future, in the application of graphene industrialization, China will be able to lead the world." Li Yichun said that although many foreign countries have published or funded a series of graphene-related research projects and projects, China has a huge market for graphene applications. And the progress of research and development is not behind. In the future, China has a promising future in the application of graphene industrialization.
At present, the enthusiasm of developing graphene industry in various places is very high. China's graphene industry technology innovation strategic alliance is guiding local governments to strengthen support for the application of graphene industrialization and strengthen the construction of public platforms. Li Yichun said: "Only by increasing support, can the innovation team be introduced, and the cooperation between the innovation team and the enterprise will push the research and development results to the application, and then promote industrialization."
Gao Yunhu, deputy director of the raw materials department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, once said that graphene belongs to the category of nanomaterials. When preparing the “12th Five-Year†development plan for the new materials industry, graphene has not been so popular at present, and the industrial application prospects are not clear. Therefore, the plan does not regard graphene as the main focus, but with the breakthrough of technology and application, the next step will be to study and consider it.
Li Yichun revealed that it is highly probable that the relevant state departments will introduce policies to support the development of graphene industry in 2014, including the support of special funds, focusing on the application of graphene, and interacting with local governments to jointly promote the industrialization of graphene.
“It is gratifying that most of the enterprises in China used to invest in a project that they would choose to invest in next year. Today, many companies are taking the lead in investing in a new project like graphene, which shows that the company’s innovation awareness has improved. At present, graphene does not form an industry, and it must start from research and development. Only by taking the lead and mastering the core technology can we be in a dominant position in the competition." Li Yichun said.
In order to standardize the development of graphene industry, China Graphene Standardization Committee was formally established, China's graphene research and testing public service platform was launched at the same time, and graphene industry standards are also being promoted. Li Yichun said that at present, the graphene industry is in its infancy, and there is no monopoly pattern that controls the development of the industry by a few multinational companies. Therefore, taking the lead in establishing the graphene industry standard is of great significance for China to seize the opportunities in the new round of high-tech industry international competition.
It is reported that in 2014 China will organize the first international chartene R&D, innovation and industrialization forum, and at the same time set up an international chartene technology innovation strategic alliance to lay the foundation for China to lead the development of international graphene industry.
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