How to strengthen disaster relief

[background link]

In 2006, Typhoon No. 8 “Sangmei”; in 2007, the Great Flood after the 1954 occurred in the Huaihe River Basin; in 2008, the Wenchuan Earthquake shocked by the whole world; in 2008, the freezing rain and snow disaster in the south; The serious winter and spring droughts in the winter wheat main producing area once in 30 years; the mudslide in Zhouqu in 2010; the severe drought in the south in 2011;

China is a country where meteorological disasters and natural disasters occur frequently. Among them, meteorological disasters account for 71% of natural disasters, marine disasters account for 8%, earthquake disasters account for 7%, agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and biological disasters account for 6%, and other disasters account for 8%. In meteorological disasters, drought accounted for 53% of the total. Floods and disasters ranked 28% in the second, 8% in popularity, 7% in freezing, and 4% in typhoon.

Natural disasters have caused huge losses to China’s economy. According to the China Meteorological Administration, from 1990 to 2000, 4,500 people were killed or injured, and economic losses accounted for 3.4% of GDP. From 2001 to 2008, the losses caused by natural disasters accounted for GDP. The 2.8% has seriously affected the economic development.

Faced with the occurrence of various natural disasters, although the relevant departments of the Chinese government are also working hard to promote disaster relief work, in the face of huge losses and public suspicions, disaster relief work still faces many problems and perplexities that need to be resolved.

[Countermeasures]

Summarize the following measures for candidates' reference:

In the future, the probability and risk of natural disasters will increase further. This actual situation puts forward many requirements for disaster relief in our country and needs further improvement.

First, we must establish a multi-input mechanism for disaster relief funds. We must increase government relief investment and give full play to the role of finance as the main channel. We must also mobilize social forces to broaden disaster relief funds and material collection channels, and establish a socialized disaster relief fund input system to make disaster relief work more open.

The second is to strengthen the management of disaster relief funds. Governments at all levels should strengthen the management of the use of relief funds, define the scope of use of relief funds, formulate the principle of “special funds for special purposes, and focus on the use of funds” for disaster relief funds, standardize the procedures for distributing grassroots disaster relief funds and materials, and make public the policy of issuing disaster relief donations and materials to the public. Open, open procedures, and open results.

The third is to establish a network of rescue material warehouses. All regions, especially those that frequently experience natural disasters, must actively implement the disaster relief reserve system, establish disaster relief material storage facilities, and begin to store disaster relief supplies. The establishment of a relief material reserve management system plays an irreplaceable role in emergency arrangements for the people in the disaster area.

Fourth, governments at all levels must further improve their management and emergency response capabilities. Only party committees and governments at all levels fully consider all possible situations when deploying their work, and carefully formulate corresponding plans. Once disasters occur, disasters can be provided in an orderly manner and disasters can be reduced to a minimum.

Fifth, we must establish a comprehensive disaster reduction management system as soon as possible. It is proposed to establish a disaster prevention and reduction system jointly formed by the government and public security, fire protection, military, information, meteorology, earthquake, flood prevention, transportation, and other functional departments, and to establish central and local disaster relief material storage, allocation, and emergency distribution systems.

[Standard expression]

[Problems faced by disaster relief]

The disaster social relief system in China has experienced countless tests and played a huge role in disasters. It has played an important role in the relief and reconstruction of the disaster areas. However, due to various factors, China's disaster relief system still has many deficiencies.

First, the disaster relief supervision mechanism is still not perfect. At present, there are various illegal and criminal acts such as interception, misappropriation, misappropriation, misappropriation, waste, corruption, corruption, money and materials, as well as fraud, malpractice, and malpractice, indicating that the important guarantee that the limited benefit of disaster-relief funds has not yet been brought into full play. In some disaster-affected areas, there is a phenomenon of misappropriation of special funds. Although these situations are mainly caused by the cravings of individual officials and their personal trials, they also reflect the need for further improvement in the supervision mechanism for disaster relief funds and materials.

The second is the lack of a sound disaster relief social relief system. The practice of volunteerism in disaster social relief in our country is still blank. The establishment of a disaster relief volunteer system can mobilize the forces of the entire society to participate in disaster relief and make up for the inadequacies of disaster relief forces. Providing disaster relief and disaster relief training for disaster relief volunteers is also a good approach to comprehensive safety education, and is more conducive to the formation of a good social style of mutual love.

The third is the lack of a sound and unified national disaster relief management system. The central government does not currently have a unified management mechanism for disasters, and the Ministry of Finance has not established a special disaster reduction fund, which has greatly affected the in-depth development of disaster reduction in China.

Fourth, the disaster relief legal system is not perfect. The current guidelines for disaster relief work are mostly in the form of ministerial orders or government administrative orders. These orders and administrative regulations do not have high legal validity. These laws and regulations attach importance to post-disaster relief, neglect the establishment of pre-disaster prevention and emergency response mechanisms, and provide limited assistance for disaster social relief.