(Laser Rapid Prototyping: LRP) is a new manufacturing technology that integrates advanced technologies such as CAD, CAM, CNC, laser, precision servo drive and new materials. Compared with the traditional manufacturing method, the prototype has high reproducibility and interchangeability; the manufacturing process has nothing to do with the geometry of the prototype; the processing cycle is short, the cost is low, the general manufacturing cost is reduced by 50%, and the processing cycle is shortened by more than 70%; Technology integration to achieve design and manufacturing integration.
Recent developments in LPR include: stereo light modeling (SLA) technology; selective laser sintering (SLS) technology; laser cladding forming (LCF) technology; laser near-shape (LENS) technology; laser sheet stacking (LOM) technology Laser induced thermal stress forming (LF) technology and three-dimensional printing technology.
Stereoscopic light modeling (SLA) technology
SLA technology is also called photo-curing rapid prototyping technology. The principle is that the computer-controlled laser beam scans the surface of the photosensitive resin as a raw material point by point, and the thin layer of resin (about a few tenths of a millimeter) of the scanned area is photopolymerized and solidified. Form a thin layer of the part. The workbench is moved down a layer of thickness so that the surface of the cured resin is coated with a new layer of liquid resin, and the next layer is scanned and repeated until the entire prototype is manufactured. Since photopolymerization is based on the action of light rather than on the action of heat, only a lower power laser source is required for operation. In addition, because there is no thermal diffusion, and the chain reaction can be well controlled, it can ensure that the polymerization reaction does not occur outside the laser spot, so the processing precision is high), the surface quality is good, the utilization rate of raw materials is close to 100%, and it can be manufactured. Complex shapes and fine parts, high efficiency. For larger-sized parts, they can be fabricated by first forming and then bonding.
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) Technology
The SLS technology is very similar to the SLA technology in that it replaces the liquid photopolymer with a powdered material and acts on the powder material at a certain scanning speed and energy. The technology has the advantages of wide selection of raw materials, easy cleaning of excess materials, and wide application range, and is suitable for the manufacture of prototypes and functional parts. During the forming process, the laser working parameters as well as the characteristics of the powder and the sintering atmosphere are important parameters affecting the quality of sintering.
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