This process standard applies to marble, granite and broken marble floor coverings for civil buildings (marble plates shall not be used for outdoor floor coverings).
2. Construction preparation
2.1, materials and main machinery;
2.1.1. The varieties and specifications of natural marble and granite shall meet the design requirements, technical grade, gloss and appearance quality requirements, and shall comply with the provisions of the national standards “Natural Marble Building Panels†and “Granite Building Panelsâ€. The allowable deviation and appearance requirements are shown in Table 7-12.
2.1.2 Cement: Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement or slag Portland cement, the number of which should not be less than 425.
White cement: white Portland cement, the number of which is not less than 425.
2.1.3, sand: medium sand or coarse sand, its mud content should not exceed 3%.
2.1.4, marble pieces and color stone slag: the color of the gravel should meet the design requirements. Should be hard, clean, no debris, the particle size should be 4 ~ 14mm. Marble pieces without angle, thin and thick should be consistent.
2.1.5, mineral pigments (for wiping), wax, oxalic acid.
2.1.6, calculation equipment; trolley, shovel, ruler, pulp pot, bucket, watering can, iron trowel, wooden trowel, ink fountain, steel tape measure, nylon thread, rubber hammer (or wooden hammer), iron level, bend Square square feet, steel tweezers, alloy steel flat tweezers, bench drills, alloy steel drill bits, hoes, grinding wheel saws, stone grinders, wire brushes.
2.2, operating conditions:
2.2.1. After the marble and granite plates enter the site, they should be stacked side by side on the glossy side of the room, and the pine strips on the back side, and padded under the board. After unpacking, check whether the variety, specification, quantity, etc. meet the design requirements. If there are cracks, ribs, corners, warpage and surface defects, they should be removed.
2.2.2. Set up the processing shed, install the bench drill and the wheel saw, and connect the water power.
2.2.3. Indoor plastering (including the entrance door), floor cushions, electric pipes embedded in the cushion and pipelines penetrating the ground have been completed.
2.2.4. The wall around the room is +1250px horizontally.
2.2.5. Before construction, draw a large sample of the construction of the marble floor.
2.2.6. The operating temperature during winter construction shall not be lower than 5 °C.
3. Operating process
3.1, process flow:
Preparation → trial fight → elastic line → test row → brush cement slurry and mortar joint layer →
Laying marble slabs, (or granite slabs) → filling, wiping, waxing
3.2, preparation work:
3.2.1. Based on the construction of large sample drawings and processing orders, familiarize yourself with the dimensions and practices of each part, and clarify the relationship between the openings, corners and other parts.
3.2.2. Base treatment: Clean the debris on the ground cushion, brush off the mortar bonded to the cushion with a wire brush, and clean it.
3.3. Trying out: Before the formal laying, try the marble (or granite) plate of each room, and try to spell the pattern, color and texture, and discharge the non-whole plate symmetrically on the wall of the door. Then number them in two directions, and then arrange them by number.
3.4. Elastic line: In order to check and control the position of the marble (or granite) plate, pull the cross control line in the room, play it on the concrete cushion, and lead it to the bottom of the wall, and then according to the wall surface +250px elevation line Find the elevation of the surface layer and pop up the horizontal elevation line on the wall. When playing the horizontal line, pay attention to the level of the indoor and the corridor surface level.
3.5. Test row: Two dry sands are laid in two mutually perpendicular directions in the room, the width is larger than the width of the plate, the thickness is not less than 75px, combined with the construction of the large sample and the actual size of the room, the marble (or granite) The plates are arranged to check the gap between the plates and check the relative position of the plates to the wall, column, hole and other parts.
3.6, brush cement slurry and auxiliary mortar bonding layer: after the trial, the sand and plate will be removed, cleaned, sprayed with watering can be wet, brush a layer of plain cement slurry (water-cement ratio is 0.4 ~ 0.5, do not brush the area Too big, with the mortar with the brush). According to the horizontal line of the board surface, determine the thickness of the joint layer mortar, pull the cross control line, and start to lay the joint layer of dry hard cement mortar (usually dry hard cement mortar of 1:2～1:3, dry and hard to form a group by hand, landing The thickness is controlled. When the marble (or granite) plate is placed, it should be higher than the horizontal line of the surface layer by 3 to 4 mm. After the paving, the flat bar is used to scrape the flat, and then the trowel is used to level the area. Big).
3.7. Paving marble (or granite) plates:
3.7.1. The plate should be wetted with water first, and then laid after being dried or dried.
3.7.2. According to the cross control line pulled by the room, each row is laid vertically and horizontally, and used as a large-area paving rib. According to the number, pattern and the gap during the trial (the gap width between the plates, when the design is not specified, it should not be larger than lmm), and the paving is started at the intersection of the cross control lines. First try the shop and lift the plate. The vertical and horizontal control lines are laid on the paved dry hard mortar joint layer, and the wooden backing plate is hit with a rubber hammer (do not directly hit the plate with a rubber hammer or a wooden hammer). After the mortar reaches the height of the laying, move the plate to the side and check whether the surface of the mortar matches the plate. If there is any emptiness, use mortar to fill it, then formally set it, first cast a layer on the cement mortar bonding layer. A plain cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 (evenly poured with a pulp pot), and then the plate is placed. When it is placed, the four corners are simultaneously dropped. The wooden backing plate is gently tapped with a rubber hammer or a wooden hammer, and leveled with an iron level according to the horizontal line. The first piece is laid in order to the sides and back. After the paving is completed, there is a standard after the horizontal line, and the sections can be paved in turn, and the general room is directly outside and outside, and gradually retreats to the door to facilitate the protection of the finished product, but it must be noted that it corresponds to the corridor. It can also be paved from the doorway. The panels should be tightly framed with the corners, edging and against the wall. There should be no gaps.
3.8. Grouting, wiping seam: grouting and grouting after l~2 day and night after paving. According to the color of marble (or granite), choose the same color mineral pigment and cement (or white cement) to mix evenly, adjust into a 1:1 thin cement slurry, and slowly pour into the gap between the plates with the pulp pot (divided into Several times), and use a long scraper to scrape the flowing cement slurry into the gap until it is almost filled. After grouting for l~2h, wipe the seam with the cotton gauze and grind the seam with the surface of the board, and wipe the cement slurry on the board surface to make the surface of the marble (or granite) surface clean, smooth and solid. After the above steps are completed, the surface layer is covered. Maintenance time should not be less than 7d.
3.9. Waxing: When the cement mortar bonding layer reaches the strength (the compressive strength reaches l.2MPa), it can be waxed. The waxing method is detailed in the current water mill ground surface layer process standard. The waxed back layer is smooth and clean.
3.10, marble (or granite) skirting board process 1:
3.10.1, paste method:
Look for the high level line → cement mortar base → paste marble skirting board → wipe seam → waxing
3.10.1.1, according to the main wall +1250px elevation line, measure the horizontal line of the kickboard board, play on the wall, and then use the line hanging line to determine the thickness of the skirting board, generally 8 ~ 10mm.
3.10.1.2, leveling with 1:3 cement mortar, and scratching the surface layer.
3.10.1.3 After the screed mortar is dry and hard, pull the horizontal line of the mouth on the skirting board, and scrape a layer of 2~3mm thick plain cement slurry on the back of the marble (or granite) skirting board (should add about 10%). After the 107 glue), paste it on the bottom ash and hammer it with a wooden hammer to straighten it according to the horizontal line.
3.10.1.4, after 24h, use the same color cement paste to wipe the seam, and wipe the remaining pulp with cotton thread.
3.10.1.5, waxing: See the construction technology standard of the existing terrazzo floor.
3.10.2, grouting method
Find the elevation level line → pull the horizontal line → install the skirting board → grout cement mortar → wipe seam → wax
3.10.2.1 According to the main wall +1250px elevation line, measure the horizontal line on the skirting board, play on the wall, and then use the line to suspend the line to determine the thickness of the wall of the skirting board, generally 8~10mm.
3.10.2.2. Pull the horizontal line on the boarding board and install a skirting board at each end of the wall. The height of the upper jaw is in the same horizontal line. The thickness of the wall should be the same. Then install it in sequence according to the order. Check the level and verticality of the skirting board at any time. . Gypsum is stabilized between two adjacent blocks and between the skirting board and the ground and wall.
3.10.2.3, fill 1:2 thin cement mortar, and wipe the spilled mortar at any time. After the cement mortar to be poured is finally set, the plaster is shoveled off.
1 The baseboard should be constructed after the ground is completed.
3.10.2.4. Wipe the seam with a thin cement paste of the same color as the marble skirting board.
3.10.2.5, the surface layer of the skirting board is waxed together with the ground, the method is the same as the current terrazzo ground construction technology standard.
When affixing the skirting board, the seam should be affixed to the marble (or granite) board on the floor.
3.11. Construction process of broken marble surface layer:
Picking pieces of marble → elastic proofing → base cleaning → sweeping cement slurry → laying mortar bonding layer →
Paving marble pieces → filling seams → polishing and waxing
3.11.1. According to the color and specifications of the design requirements, the pieces of marble should be selected to be uniform and thin, and there should be no cracks.
3.11.2. According to the pattern required by the design, combined with the size of the room, the line is stretched on the base layer and the surface level is found, and then the trial is performed to determine the size of the gap.
3.11.3. To clean the base layer, the mortar layer and dust adhered to the base layer must be cleaned, then sprinkled with water to wet the cement slurry (with the mortar mixed with the mortar).
3.11.4, the horizontal level of the elastic level, start to lay the mortar bonding layer, using 1:3 dry hard cement mortar (hands into a group, one is broken), after laying, use a large bar to scrape flat, wooden trowel level.
3.11.5. Paving marble pieces according to the pattern and the gap of the trial, the method is the same as the floor of the marble plate.
3.11.6. Paving after 1~2 days and nights, according to the design requirements, when the cement mortar is filled in the gap between the pieces, the thickness and the upper layer of the marble block are dry, and the surface is leveled and calendered. If the design requires gap grouting cement slurry, the grout thickness is 2 mm thicker than the upper layer of the marble chip. Maintenance time is not less than 7d.
3.11.7. If the grout is filled with cement stone slurry, it needs to be polished and waxed after curing. The operation process is the same as the standard of terrazzo construction technology.
4, quality standards
4.1, guarantee project:
4.1.1. The variety, size, grade, shape, finish, color and pattern of the panels used in the surface layer must meet the design requirements.
4.1.2, the surface layer and the base layer must be firmly combined, and there is no empty drum.
4.2. Basic items:
4.2.1, the surface layer
4.2.1.1, polishing the surface of Dali Wu and granite plates; the plates are tightly pressed, seamless, the seams are straight and seamless, the surface is smooth and clean, the pattern is clear and scratch-free, and the surrounding is straight and square.
4.2.1.2, broken marble surface layer: color coordination, the gap is suitable for aesthetics, uniform polishing, no cracks and abrasion, the surface is smooth and smooth.
4.2.2. Quality of plate inlay: The color of the slate in any independent space is the same, and the pattern is basically the same. The slate seam marks are consistent with the color of the slate, the seam is full and the slate is flush, clean and beautiful.
4.2.3. The quality of the skirting board: arranged in order, tightly pressed without gaps, the surface is clean, the color is consistent, the combination is firm, the wall height and thickness are consistent, and the upper mouth is straight.
4.2.4, the quality of the ground edging:
4.2.4.1 Granite, marble board surface layer: The material size is accurate, the corners are neat, the splicing is tight, and the seams are straight.
4.2.4.2, broken marble surface layer: the size is correct, the splicing is tight, the adjacent parts are not mixed, the color separation line is straight, the corners are smooth, clear and beautiful.
4.2.5, the slope of the ground leakage meets the design requirements, no flooding, no water accumulation, and the joint with the floor drain is tight and firm, no leakage (the surface layer with slope should be tested for splashing water, and the liquid can be excluded).
4.2.6, waxing quality: marble, granite and broken marble floor hard wax, soft wax, wax spread evenly without bottom, uniform color, uniform thickness, clear pattern, clean surface.
4.3. Allowable deviation items, see Table 7-13.
Allowable deviation of marble (or granite) and broken marble, Table 7-13
Allowable deviation, (mm)
Marble broken marble
1 Surface flatness 13, check with 2m ruler and wedge feeler
2 splicing grid straight 2—, pulling 5m line, less than 5m pull line and ruler inspection
3 seam height difference 0.5 -, ruler and wedge feeler inspection
4 kicking the upper mouth straight 1 -, pull 5m line, less than 5m pull line and ruler check
5 plate gap width is not greater than 1 -, ruler inspection
5, finished product protection
5.1. When transporting marble (or granite) plates and cement mortars, measures should be taken to prevent collisions on finished walls and doorways.
5.2. During the process of paving marble (or granite) plates and crushing marble blocks, the operation personnel should be able to use the dry cloth to clean the surface of the cement slurry.
5.3. When walking on marble (or granite) ground or broken marble floor, the compressive strength of screed cement mortar shall not be less than 1.2MPa.
5.4. After the marble (or granite) floor or broken marble floor is completed, the room should be closed or covered on the surface.
6, quality record
6.1, marble (or granite) factory certificate
6.2. The quality acceptance record of the subsurface project.
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