Numerical control system and its application in surface grinder

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-09-03

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I. INTRODUCTION Modern industrial production; the production of small and medium-sized parts accounts for an increasing share of the number of products; the messyness and precision requirements of parts are moving steadily; traditional machine tools are now more and more difficult to get used to the needs of modern production. And CNC machine tools have high precision, high power, multi-purpose; can complete the characteristics of messy surface processing; especially the rapid development of computer skills and widely used in CNC systems; the primary function of numerical control equipment is completely completed by software The hardware can be universal; then it is more flexible and flexible; the more powerful it is.
The competition for the operation has reduced the labor cost and product cost from the early stage; the competition of all the power and quality of the company; the competition to fully satisfy the customer's demand and actively develop new products; the more the update cycle of the common sense skill product will be faced The shorter the product is; the product batch is getting more and more. The disaster persimmon (12) reading è‰¿ èŸ¾æ’¸ èŸ¾æ’¸ é„™ç¼å²«æ›° é„™ç¼å²«æ›° é„™ç¼å²«æ›° é„™ç¼å²«æ›° é„™ç¼å²«æ›° ã ã . . . . . . . . . . . . . . å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€Œ å› è€ŒThe main method of competition and livelihood, the development of computer information skills and the production of active skills is becoming more and more rigorous; as an important basis for the active and flexible production of CNC machine tools in the production of machine tools will be more and more.
Second, the status quo of CNC flat grinding and the primary CNC system Surface grinder is relatively late with respect to lathe, milling machine, etc.; due to its special requirements for CNC system. For more than ten years; with CNC skills; grinding wheel grinding successively; Compensation; active exchange of grinding wheels; multi-jobs; active transfer and clamping of workpieces and other operational functions are completed; CNC skills are gradually spread on surface grinders. In recent years, Hannover, Tokyo, Chicago, and domestic large machine tool exhibitions; CNC grinding machines in The majority of the entire grinding machine exhibits; for example, the German BLOHM company; ELB company and other famous grinding machine manufacturers no longer produce the usual grinding machine; Japan's Okamoto, Nikko and other companies also produced a full-use CNC flat grinding; in development Advanced CNC flat grinding together; active development, low grade CNC flat grinding.
In the past few years, the BRILLIANT series of two-axis CNC forming grinding machines produced by ELB Company of Germany; its straight and horizontal directions are CNC axes; the longitudinal direction is hydraulic control; the grinding wheel is finished with diamond wheels mounted on the workbench; the scope of application is wide, SUPER-BRILLIANT series It is a three-coordinate CNC plane and a forming grinder; the bed is made of natural granite; the precision is extremely high; the guide rail is linearly tumbling; the mechanical drive has no recoil; then the workpiece has a good appearance, BRILLIANT-FUTURE is the second Improved series of products; bed made of artificial granite; longitudinal static rail; toothed belt drive; straight and lateral guides are preloaded linear tumbling guide; ball screw drive; three-axis CNC operated AC servo motor; 5Î¼m measurement resolution. Together with ELB, we have developed the latest grinding machine products with the latest skills; namely CAM-MASTER series flexible grinding unit based on mechatronics and computer skills; CAD-MASTER series and COMPACT-MASTER series grinding In the middle of the cutting; the control axis can reach up to 24 axes; other due to the full implementation of modular depiction; The cycle is shortened; ELB has also developed a variety of high-efficiency special grinding machines; such as SFVG100/2 special grinding machine; with tiltable grinding head; successive dressing; slow feed; chamfering into the grinding function; with 11 CNC steering axes; A grinding process in the middle. British JONES & SHIPMAN company and the United States AB company developed A-B8600 numerical control system for FORMAT5 type CNC flat grinding; CNC hydraulic valve; drive longitudinal adjustable speed movement; horizontal and grinding head feed ball Bar pair; DC servo motor drive; continuous wheel dressing; CRT graphics simulation. Together with other types of CNC system; to meet the needs of different users.
At present; with the continuous progress of semiconductor integration; the newly introduced system is more and more on the appearance. The cockroaches are chewed and smashed, and the Î´ è‹Œ è‹Œ é»¾æ¿å—½ é»¾æ¿å—½ æŽã„‘å® æŽã„‘å® æŽã„‘å® æŽã„‘å® é”’ é”’ é”’ å—·é¹Šé¾‹ å—·é¹Šé¾‹ å—·é¹Šé¾‹ å—·é¹Šé¾‹ å—·é¹Šé¾‹ç¼‘å«¦WINDOWS system* near; add mouse; remote control and other operating parts. FANUC company first introduced 18I, 16I, 20I, 21I system this year; SIEMENS is 840D, 810D, 802D are layout compact system. There are some manufacturers Such as: Taiwan Precision Machinery research and development of the development of the PA8000NT series CNC manipulator; the use of WINDOWS NC operating system; and NT instant multiplex processing intermediate; single-block processing speed of 2000 / sec; single-section pre-reading disposal can be Up to 1000 pieces; with AART (pre-custom conditioning skills) and parameter optimization learning function; can make follow-up errors close to zero; software processing path filter can reduce the cutting process; mechanical resonance occurs due to excessive acceleration change Then improve the appearance roughness, with servo sensitivity; with +, -10V analog servo interface; together with the international standard SERCOS digital servo communication interface, PLC program is depicted with ladder diagram, layout sentence, Five syntaxes: block, script, flowchart, etc.; easy to draw, communicate and protect, with computer long-distance communication; instant long-distance protection, control axis and spindle can be expanded to 64 axes; I/O points can be expanded to 792/ 528 points; use leap processor; high speed PLC disposal speed reached 25K.
In addition to the well-known SIEMENS, FANUC and other CNC system manufacturers in the world have developed a number of systems suitable for flat or profile grinding; some flat grinding factories themselves have also actively developed a numerical control system for their grinding machines. :
Siemens SINUMERIK 840D system; the system has more than 20 servo axes; coordinate continuous stroke control; manual data input or input through external computer; long-distance diagnosis; can change the stroke with the diameter of the grinding wheel; the grinding wheel dressing volume is actively compensated; Ball screw gap error compensation, etc.
The Siemens 3G system was developed specifically for grinding; it is equipped with an operation reminder device for man-machine dialogue; when the axis is skewed; linear and circular interpolation can also be performed; the cycle of operation that often occurs during grinding; Spindle swing; use external signal to stop the fulfillment procedure; grinding wheel cutting; grinding wheel trimming and other special preparation functions; programming fixed cycle program. It can not only use external measuring equipment (switching signal); but also can directly connect to a suitable measuring head The control device is compared with the end scale.
The 8400CNC and 8600CNC CNC series produced by ALLEY-BRANDLY Company of the United States; suitable for lathes, milling machines and grinding machines; 8400CNC can control up to 6 servo axes; any 2 axes can be circularly interpolated; any 3 axes can be helically interpolated 6-axis linear interpolation. The 8600CNC series can control up to 17 coordinates; it includes 8 participating interpolation axes; 8 position control axes and 1 spindle; with graphic display; expanding branch program; visualizing processing time; Tool length monitoring and other functions.
Japan FANUC company developed OG high-speed high-function numerical control system; O-GSG is suitable for surface grinder; it can be different shape according to grinding parts; there are four different grinding methods; with grinding wheel axis point-of-sight tilting function; , rough grinding, fine grinding, non-spark grinding a complete set of grinding cycle; grinding wheel after rolling trimming orientation compensation function; trimming device relative to the normal direction of the wheel to be trimmed; trimming wheel outer edge arc radius compensation function; grinding wheel The shape graphic shows the function and the grinding parameters appearing; the minimum setting unit of the system is 0. 1Î¼m; it is a "compact" type numerical control system; the price is lower.
Others include the UNICON system jointly developed by ELB and the University of Germany, the OSP5000G-G of Japan Otsuka Iron Works, the OSP30-NF and other self-developed planar and profiled grinding CNC systems; the OSP5000G-G can control up to 9 coordinates; In the meantime, 6 coordinates can be linked; 12-inch color display; man-machine dialogue programming; active determination of cutting coefficient; optional floppy disk input; classified into FMS system; minimum pulse equivalent, mobile equivalent and detection equivalent are 0. 1Î¼m; The full-closed method of the inductive synchronizer is also selected.
Some flat grinding factories use the system of CNC main engine factory; but they develop software by themselves; they are more suitable for plane and shape grinding; for example, JUNG of Germany is based on Siemens SINUMERIK 810. æŽ éœ‰ ã„“ ã„“ ã„“ J J J JUNG KONTUR programming language is used to shape and repair the grinding wheel; and there are graphic auxiliary operation functions. Japan Okamoto is on FANUC CNC system hardware; developed OPL language for grinding processing; etc.
Today's linear motor, dynamic balance and other skills and processes are increasingly developed; and the ergonomics of the machine tool is greatly advanced; the appropriate measurement skills are used to develop and utilize the numerical control system; and the electrical active control function of the machine tool is enhanced.
Third, the development of domestic CNC flat grinding China began to produce CNC surface grinders in the 1980s; each development company has gone through self-development; cooperated with universities and research institutes to develop direct introduction of sophisticated CNC systems. For example: Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant It is a production factory with a history of 50 years ago; professional production of surface grinder; it started production of CNC flat grinding from the mid-1980s; has developed MGK7132 horizontal axis rectangular high-precision flat grinding; MK7130 series usually CNC flat grinding; MLK7140 CNC slow-feed molding grinding; MGK7120, MK7163, MK7150 horizontal axis rectangular table CNC flat grinding; MKY7760 vertical axis CNC double-face grinding; MKY7660, MKY7650/101 horizontal axis CNC double-face grinding; and HZ-K1610; HZ-K2010; HZ- 050 CNC; HZ-KD2010, HZ-K3015, HZ-K3020, HZ-K4020 and other special CNC gantry plane and rail grinding machines. Development and application of numerical control system; there is a single board machine system developed in cooperation with universities and research institutes; There is also a self-developed simple control system based on single-chip microcomputer; and the sophisticated CNC system produced by CNC mainframe factory.
Its production of MGK7120 high-precision flat grinding; selected the FANUC company's POWER MATE-D two-axis CNC system; control grinding head feed; minimum feed rate of 0. 1Î¼m; with active completion of the grinding cycle function.
MKY7650/101 full-active CNC double-face grinding machine is a product collaboration with Italian VIOTTO company; it is controlled by Siemens SIMATIC S5-115U programmable controller; CRT appears; the left and right grinding heads of the machine are driven by two-axis DC servo motor; Manual adjustment and active grinding cycle selection. Equipped with Italian Malpos E9 measuring system; two measuring heads; one measuring grinding wheel; feedback of grinding wheel wear amount to the control system; grinding wheel compensation, another measuring head after grinding The workpiece is input into the control system; the servo motor performs the compensation feed, and the left and right grinding heads are controlled by the VIOTTO grating for azimuth measurement; the complete closed-loop and full-active operation of the whole machine from the workpiece feeding to the grinding end is completed. machining.
HZ-050CNC CNC linear tumbling guide special grinding machine; it is a special grinding machine developed for the third scientific and technological project of Shanghai Science and Technology Link Production Key Industrial Project. It has both surface grinding function and shape grinding function; it chooses American AB The 8400MP numerical control system produced by the company; the machine tool has 7 CNC axes; the X, Y, Z three grinding head feed axes and the U, V, W three wheel dressing axes are directly controlled by the system; the other axis Q is the horizontal grinding wheel laterally For (grinding plane) through SLC programmable controller plus IMC positioning module; input 8400MP host from system I / O port; control its orientation; with continuous dressing grinding wheel or gap grinding wheel trimming compensation in grinding etc. Processing ability.
HZ-KD2010 six-axis CNC gantry double grinding head surface grinder; use FANUC-0MC numerical control system; use four CNC axes to control the lateral and straight feed of two grinding heads; use a PMC shaft to control the grinding wheel of peripheral grinding head Dresser diamond pen feed; another PMC axis controls the indexing rotation of the all-round grinding head. Make full use of the system function; reduce the production cost; travel the machine tool cost.
Fourth, the development of CNC grinding machine in Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant prospects Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant CNC grinding machine has been carried out until now; now has the appropriate strength; as the main engine production plant; Hangzhou CNC machine tool CNC system should be developed; The system supplier to the individual begins the process with the usual development ability; but the application of the numerical control system is still in the function of the mechanical transmission chain, instead of the mechanical hand wheel, during the simple processing cycle; compared with the leading level; there are many distances; the accuracy of the machine tool There are many problems that need to be carried forward and broken in terms of active function, processing power, and achievability. I have to deal with it. I thought that we should summarize the various layouts and products used in the current production of the factory; The length and gain of the product; how to actively use the product to complete the competition; how to gradually develop a plan; to facilitate learning and homework, focus on the development of numerical control software; conditional introduction of skills or expatriate learning; keep up with the trend; hardware contact Market demand; applying new skills and new functions item by item theory in product production; Industry-leading level of distance.
Following the function of the numerical control system and the advancement of the price; the price is more reasonable; the comparison between the CNC grinding machine and the ordinary grinding machine is accepted by the vast users; together with the demand for leading production and active skills in the production; the use of CNC grinding machines is also It will become more and more extensive. CNC flat grinding and other grinding machines will be carried out in the direction of high-precision machining with higher flexibility and more efficient special-purpose CNC grinding machines. We trust the company to follow the deepening of computer and information technology revolution; CNC grinding machines are in their intelligence , system information control, etc.; there will be great progress. How to keep up with the pace of the past history; find a path suitable for our personal characteristics; find the break point of the skill travel; is the main point of our homework; It is a key issue related to the company's future development and livelihood.

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